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Marpessa Dawn
Marpessa Dawn (January 3, 1934 – August 25, 2008), also known as Gypsy Marpessa Dawn Menor, was an American-born French actress, singer, and dancer, best remembered for her role in the film ''Black Orpheus'' (1959).
==Biography==
Born on a farm near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, of African-American and Filipino heritage,〔Dean, Loomis, ("America's Dawn Comes Up in France" ), ''Life'', March 14, 1960, p. 57.〕 she worked as a laboratory technician in New York before migrating to Europe as a teenager.〔''Ebony'' 15, November 1959, p. 85.〕 She began acting in England, with some minor TV roles. Then, in 1953, she relocated to France and while occasionally working as a governess also sang and danced in nightclubs, where she met director Marcel Camus. At the age of 24 she won the role of "Eurydice" in his film ''Black Orpheus''.〔Jane Margaret Laight, (IMDb Mini Biography. )〕 The film won the Palme d'Or at the 1959 Cannes Film Festival〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Festival de Cannes: ''Black Orpheus'' )〕 and the 1960 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. She married Camus, but divorced him soon after and married Belgian actor Eric Vander. Considered a great beauty,〔Tia Williams, ("Great Beauty - Vintage Vamp: 'Black Orpheus' Star Marpessa Dawn" ), ''Essence magazine'', August 21, 2011.〕 she was featured in November 1959 by ''Ebony'' and has been hailed as "one of ''Ebony'' magazine's prettiest cover girls, along with the likes of Dorothy Dandridge, Halle Berry, Vanessa Williams and Lena Horne".〔Behn Cervantes, ("Filipino blood ran in Marpessa Dawn’s multiracial roots" ), ''Philippine Daily Inquirer'', 04/09/2010. In fact, Dawn was not featured on ''Ebony''′s cover, but on pages 85-90 of the November 1959 issue.〕
Dawn remained in Europe, working without great success in French films and television. She also had several theatrical parts, including starring in ''Chérie Noire'', a stage comedy that toured France, Belgium, Switzerland, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco.〔Dennis Hevesi, ("Marpessa Dawn, Eurydice in the Film ‘Black Orpheus,’ Dies at 74" ), ''The New York Times'', September 26, 2008.〕 She appeared in a 2005 documentary about Vinicius de Moraes, who wrote the original play from which ''Black Orpheus'' was adapted. She and her fellow lead from that film, Brazilian actor Breno Mello, died just 42 days apart in 2008, both from heart attacks. She was 74 years old and at the time of her death in Paris left five children and four grandchildren.〔Frank Gray, (obituary of Marpessa Dawn and Breno Mello ), ''The Guardian'', 29 October 2008.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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